Summary:
The PSAT (Preliminary SAT) is a standardized test that serves as practice for the SAT and as the qualifying exam for the National Merit Scholarship Program, one of the most prestigious academic scholarships in the United States. High scores on the PSAT, especially in 11th grade, can lead to national recognition and financial awards.
What Is the PSAT?
The PSAT/NMSQT (Preliminary SAT / National Merit Scholarship Qualifying Test) is a standardized exam administered by the College Board and co-sponsored by the National Merit Scholarship Corporation (NMSC). It is most commonly taken in October of 11th grade (junior year), though some students also take it earlier for practice. The test format is similar to the SAT but shorter and slightly easier.
The PSAT tests three areas: Reading, Writing & Language, and Math. Like the SAT, it emphasizes reasoning, problem-solving, grammar, and data analysis skills. Scores are reported on a scale of 320–1520, combining Reading/Writing and Math scores.
Why Take the PSAT?
The PSAT serves two main purposes:
- It helps students prepare for the SAT by providing a realistic practice experience.
- It is used to qualify students for the National Merit Scholarship Program, which recognizes top-performing students in the United States.
The PSAT is not used for college admissions, but it can lead to major recognition and financial benefits through the National Merit process.
National Merit Scholarship Program Overview
Each year, the top 1% of PSAT test takers in each U.S. state are named National Merit Semifinalists. These students may then submit additional materials—including high school transcripts, a recommendation letter, a personal essay, and SAT or ACT scores—to be considered for Finalist status. Around 15,000 Finalists are selected nationwide, and about 7,500 students receive National Merit Scholarships worth $2,500 or more.
In addition to the core scholarship, many colleges and universities offer large merit-based financial aid to National Merit Finalists. Some institutions award full-tuition or even full-ride scholarships to attract these top students. There are also corporate-sponsored scholarships for students with family ties to certain companies.
Eligibility and Requirements
Only students who take the PSAT in their third year of high school (11th grade) are eligible for the National Merit competition. U.S. citizenship or permanent residency is typically required for the scholarship, though some awards may be open to international students studying in U.S. high schools.
To move from Semifinalist to Finalist, students must:
- Maintain a strong academic record
- Take the SAT or ACT and achieve confirming scores
- Submit an application with an essay and recommendation
- List their “first-choice” college, which some schools use to offer special awards
International and Homeschool Students
Although the National Merit program is primarily for U.S. students, international or homeschool students enrolled at U.S.-based schools can also participate if they meet all eligibility criteria. However, students attending school outside the U.S. typically are not eligible unless they are U.S. citizens.